All Conditionals

Zero e First Conditional

Zero Conditional — Fatos e verdades

Estrutura: If + present simple, present simple

Usado para fatos sempre verdadeiros:

• If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
• If it rains, the ground gets wet.
• If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

First Conditional — Situações reais/prováveis

Estrutura: If + present simple, will + verbo base

Usado para situações possíveis no futuro:

• If it rains, I will stay home.
• If you study hard, you will pass the test.
• If she calls, I'll tell her.

Second e Third Conditional

Second Conditional — Situações hipotéticas

Estrutura: If + past simple, would + verbo base

Usado para situações irreais ou imaginárias no presente/futuro:

• If I had a million dollars, I would buy a house.
• If I were you, I would study more.
• If she lived closer, we would see each other more.

Third Conditional — Passado irreal

Estrutura: If + past perfect, would have + past participle

Usado para falar sobre situações que NÃO aconteceram no passado (arrependimentos):

• If I had studied, I would have passed the test.
  (Mas eu não estudei, e não passei.)
• If she had left earlier, she wouldn't have missed the bus.
• If they had known, they would have helped.

Resumo